Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Cyril Ndubuisi Izah; Favour  Jonathan; Titus Puorizaa; Macdonald Tochukwu Aloh; Ifeyinwa Lynda Eneje; Assumpta Ifunanya Okoye; Chigozie Ukwa Awegbe; Wisdom  Jonathan; Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf

doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

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Review Article
Online Published: 05 Aug 2025

Eu J Sci Res Rev. 2025; 3(2): 128-150

doi: 10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective

Cyril Ndubuisi Izah, Favour Jonathan, Titus Puorizaa, Macdonald Tochukwu Aloh, Ifeyinwa Lynda Eneje, Assumpta Ifunanya Okoye, Chigozie Ukwa Awegbe, Wisdom Jonathan, Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf.

Abstract
Malaria remains a major global health concern, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, where it contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality. The rise of drug-resistant Plasmodium strains poses a serious challenge to current treatment options, underscoring the need for innovative drug development strategies. Medicinal chemistry, particularly the study of structure-activity relationships (SAR), plays a central role in this effort by linking chemical structure with biological activity. This review focuses on the statistical evaluation of SARs in antimalarial drug development. It explores how chemical modifications of lead compounds influence pharmacological efficacy and how statistical models such as Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships (QSAR) support the prediction and optimization of therapeutic agents. These models correlate molecular descriptors with biological responses, enabling researchers to prioritize compounds with the greatest potential for success. The integration of medicinal chemistry with statistical and computational tools enhances rational drug design and accelerates discovery. By analyzing large datasets, researchers can identify key molecular features that drive potency and selectivity. Examples involving artemisinin derivatives, aminoquinolines, and other antimalarial scaffolds highlight how SAR and QSAR approaches inform drug design and address resistance mechanisms. This multidisciplinary approach—merging chemistry, biology, and data science—offers a powerful framework for developing more effective antimalarial agents. By leveraging SAR models and statistical insights, researchers can streamline drug development, reduce experimental burden, and create targeted therapies. The review emphasizes that a data-driven strategy is essential to combat the evolving threat of malaria and ensure the continued efficacy of antimalarial treatments.

Key words: Antimalarial Drug Development, Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR), Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR), Drug Resistance, Medicinal Chemistry, Plasmodium, Rational Drug Design

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How to Cite this Article

Pubmed Style

Izah CN, Jonathan F, Puorizaa T, Aloh MT, Eneje IL, Okoye AI, Awegbe CU, Jonathan W, Yussuf MD. Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Eu J Sci Res Rev. Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Web Style

Izah CN, Jonathan F, Puorizaa T, Aloh MT, Eneje IL, Okoye AI, Awegbe CU, Jonathan W, Yussuf MD. Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. https://www.wisdomgale.com/ejsrr/?mno=256522 [Access: August 08, 2025]. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Izah CN, Jonathan F, Puorizaa T, Aloh MT, Eneje IL, Okoye AI, Awegbe CU, Jonathan W, Yussuf MD. Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Eu J Sci Res Rev. Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Izah CN, Jonathan F, Puorizaa T, Aloh MT, Eneje IL, Okoye AI, Awegbe CU, Jonathan W, Yussuf MD. Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Eu J Sci Res Rev, [cited August 08, 2025]; Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Harvard Style

Izah, C. N., Jonathan, . F., Puorizaa, . T., Aloh, . M. T., Eneje, . I. L., Okoye, . A. I., Awegbe, . C. U., Jonathan, . W. & Yussuf, . M. D. (2025) Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. Eu J Sci Res Rev, Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Turabian Style

Izah, Cyril Ndubuisi, Favour Jonathan, Titus Puorizaa, Macdonald Tochukwu Aloh, Ifeyinwa Lynda Eneje, Assumpta Ifunanya Okoye, Chigozie Ukwa Awegbe, Wisdom Jonathan, and Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf. 2025. Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. European Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews, Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

Chicago Style

Izah, Cyril Ndubuisi, Favour Jonathan, Titus Puorizaa, Macdonald Tochukwu Aloh, Ifeyinwa Lynda Eneje, Assumpta Ifunanya Okoye, Chigozie Ukwa Awegbe, Wisdom Jonathan, and Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf. "Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective." European Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Izah, Cyril Ndubuisi, Favour Jonathan, Titus Puorizaa, Macdonald Tochukwu Aloh, Ifeyinwa Lynda Eneje, Assumpta Ifunanya Okoye, Chigozie Ukwa Awegbe, Wisdom Jonathan, and Mubaraq Damilare Yussuf. "Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective." European Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. Web. 08 Aug 2025 doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Izah, C. N., Jonathan, . F., Puorizaa, . T., Aloh, . M. T., Eneje, . I. L., Okoye, . A. I., Awegbe, . C. U., Jonathan, . W. & Yussuf, . M. D. (2025) Statistical Evaluation of Structure-Activity Relationships (SAR) in Antimalarial Drug Development: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. European Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews, Online First: 05 Aug, 2025. doi:10.5455/EJSRR.20250506035754

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