Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
For centuries, Plumbago zeylanica L has garnered increasing interest due to its perceived health benefits and traditional use as both a spice and medicinal herb. It is recognized in traditional medicine for its potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.
Aim
This study aimed to assess the effect of orally administering P. zeylanica on the hepatic profile of male Wistar rats.
Method
Fifteen healthy rats, each weighing between 120 -160 grams, were randomly assigned to either the control or test group, with each group comprising five animals. After a two-week acclimatization period, phytochemical screening of the Plumbago zeylanica leaf extract was conducted following standard procedures. To assess acute oral toxicity (LD50), the limit dose test was employed. The test group was administered an oral dose of 400 mg/kg of Plumbago zeylanica methanol leaf extract daily for two weeks.
Result
Phytochemical analysis of Plumbago zeylanica methanol leaf extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones, tannins, and flavonoids. The LD50 of the extract was determined to be greater than 3000 mg/kg body weight, with no fatalities observed up to 14 days post-administration. Serum levels of liver enzymes, bilirubin (both total and direct), albumin, and total protein were measured using colorimetric methods. The results showed a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in liver enzyme activities, total protein, and total and direct bilirubin levels in the test group compared to the controls. However, the increase in serum albumin levels in the test group was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) compared to the controls.
Conclusion
The study reveals that oral administration of Plumbago zeylanica L. extract at 400 mg/kg markedly affects the hepatic profile of male Wistar rats, indicating potential hepatotoxicity from its phytochemical components, and underscores the need for caution and further research into its safety and therapeutic efficacy.
Keywords: Plumbago genus, Toxicological effects, Medicinal attributes, Hepatic profile and Premium spice characteristics