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Original Article

Online Publishing Date:
06 / 08 / 2024

 


Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery

Mukesh P Ratnparkhi , Prasad V Kadam, Ashish S Mule, Mayur G Markand, Bhagyashri S Binawade, Arshad J Shaikh.


Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to develop a topical gel formulation of diclofenac sodium (DFS) utilizing a self-micro emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) to enhance solubility, bioavailability, and patient compliance while minimizing systemic side effects associated with oral administration.
Methods: DFS solubility was evaluated in various oils, surfactants, and co-surfactants. A pseudo-ternary phase diagram guided the selection of optimal SMEDDS components. The SMEDDS formulation, comprising cinnamon oil, Tween 20, and propylene glycol, was converted into a gel using Carbopol 940. Both the liquid SMEDDS and gel underwent extensive physicochemical characterization, including drug content, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and in vitro/ex vivo diffusion studies.
Key Findings: Cinnamon oil, Tween 20, and propylene glycol exhibited the highest DFS solubility and emulsification efficiency. The optimized SMEDDS formulation showed robust stability, rapid self-emulsification, high drug loading, and favorable droplet size (112.8 nm) and zeta potential (-11.36 mV). The gel demonstrated consistent drug release (79.70% over 1440 minutes) and improved skin permeation (71.30% over 1440 minutes).
Conclusions: The DFS-loaded SMEDDS gel formulation significantly enhances the solubility, dissolution, and topical bioavailability of DFS, providing a promising alternative for managing arthritic pain and inflammation with reduced systemic side effects.

Key words: Diclofenac Sodium (DFS), Self-Microemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SMEDDS), Pseudo-Ternary Phase, Gel, Enhanced Topical Delivery


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

MPR, Kadam PV, Mule AS, Markand MG, Binawade BS, Shaikh AJ, . Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. J Pharmacol Pharm Res. Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651

Web Style

MPR, Kadam PV, Mule AS, Markand MG, Binawade BS, Shaikh AJ, . Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. https://www.wisdomgale.com/jppr/?mno=207532 [Access: August 07, 2024]. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

MPR, Kadam PV, Mule AS, Markand MG, Binawade BS, Shaikh AJ, . Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. J Pharmacol Pharm Res. Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

MPR, Kadam PV, Mule AS, Markand MG, Binawade BS, Shaikh AJ, . Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. J Pharmacol Pharm Res, [cited August 07, 2024]; Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


Harvard Style

, M. P. R., Kadam, P. V., Mule, A. S., Markand, M. G., Binawade, B. S., Shaikh, A. J. & (0) Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. J Pharmacol Pharm Res, Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


Turabian Style

, Mukesh P Ratnparkhi, Prasad V Kadam, Ashish S Mule, Mayur G Markand, Bhagyashri S Binawade, Arshad J Shaikh, and . 0. Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research, Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


Chicago Style

, Mukesh P Ratnparkhi, Prasad V Kadam, Ashish S Mule, Mayur G Markand, Bhagyashri S Binawade, Arshad J Shaikh, and . "Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery." Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

, Mukesh P Ratnparkhi, Prasad V Kadam, Ashish S Mule, Mayur G Markand, Bhagyashri S Binawade, Arshad J Shaikh, and . "Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery." Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. Web. 07 Aug 2024 doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

, M. P. R., Kadam, P. V., Mule, A. S., Markand, M. G., Binawade, B. S., Shaikh, A. J. & (0) Formulation And Evaluation of Diclofenac Sodium-Loaded Self-Microemulsifying Gel for Enhanced Topical Drug Delivery. Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Research, Online First: 06 Aug, 2024. doi:10.5455/JPPR.20240629071651


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