Prognostic value of thrombomodulin molecule in COVID-19 patients

Kezban Ozmen Süner; Havva Kocayiğit; Kubilay Işsever; Betül Tuncer; Erdem Cokluk; Hande Toptan; Selcuk Yaylacı; Oğuz Karabay

doi:10.5455/EJMID.20240424010154

Abstract
Background:The purpose of this study is to evaluate serum thrombomodulin(TM) levels in coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) patients and to investigate whether TM predicts the severity of COVID-19 and coagulopathy .
Materials and methods:This study was conducted on 87 confirmed COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized due to symptomatic pneumonia.The patients were divided into two groups as intensive care unit(ICU) patients and non-ICU patients. Both groups were compared according to demographic features, comorbid conditions and measurement of the TM and other laboratory parameters of the patients.
Results:Of 87 patients with COVID-19, 40(45%) were ICU patients and 47(55%) were non-ICU patients. 40(45%) of the patients were men.TM median value(IQR) was 1.22ng/mL (0.9–2.2) in all patients, 1.2ng/mL(0.8–2.3) in non-ICU patients and 1.3ng/mL (1.0–2.21) in ICU patients (p=0.485).As a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis the cut-off value of TM for predicting mortality in patients was 1.27 with 60% sensitivity and 54% specificity (AUC: 0.550, 95% CI: 0.384-0.716, P= 0.602).Also, we found significant cut-off values with respect to troponin, D-dimer, CRP, fibrinogen, procalcitonin, LDH, and ferritin(p< 0.05).
Conclusion:This study found no significant difference between TM levels in ICU versus non-ICU groups.We further showed that there is no relation between TM levels and mortality.

Key words: prognostic value, thrombomodulin molecule, COVID-19, endotheliitis